Evapotranspiration (ET) - Revision history

JeffreyJLukas: /* Additional resources */

2024-10-21T20:56:13Z

Additional resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:56, 21 October 2024
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	==Additional resources==		==Additional resources==

	===State of the Science ~~Report~~===		===[https://wwa.colorado.edu/resources/colorado-river-resources/CRBreport Colorado River Basin Climate and Hydrology: State of the Science report]===

	[https://wwa.colorado.edu/publications/reports/CRBreport/ColoRiver_StateOfScience_WWA_2020_Chapter_5.pdf Chapter 5] of the State of the Science report, Section 5.5 describes ET and evaporative demand, and sources of data, in greater detail.		[https://wwa.colorado.edu/publications/reports/CRBreport/ColoRiver_StateOfScience_WWA_2020_Chapter_5.pdf Chapter 5] of the State of the Science report, Section 5.5 describes ET and evaporative demand, and sources of data, in greater detail.

	===[https://openetdata.org/methodologies/ OpenET - Methodologies page]===		===[https://openetdata.org/methodologies/ OpenET - Methodologies page]===
	This section of the OpenET website provides more detail about the several remote-sensing-based ET methods that make up the OpenET ensemble, as well as other datasets (such as Reference ET based on gridded climate data) that inform the Open ET ensemble values.		This section of the OpenET website provides more detail about the several remote-sensing-based ET methods that make up the OpenET ensemble, as well as other datasets (such as Reference ET based on gridded climate data) that inform the Open ET ensemble values.

JeffreyJLukas: /* Overview */

2023-10-18T20:35:09Z

Overview

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:35, 18 October 2023
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	(Actual) ET is more challenging to quantify. ET can be estimated using a land-surface (hydrology) model with meteorological inputs, or by assimilating satellite observations of land-surface temperature into an energy-balance model. More direct measurements of ET can be made using Eddy Covariance (EC) methods, which requires multiple instruments on a single tower to measure the vertical transfer of energy and moisture between the surface and the atmosphere. In September 2022, Reclamation and the Upper Colorado River Commission (UCRC) adopted a satellite-based method, eeMETRIC, as the standard for measuring evapotranspiration (ET) and agricultural consumptive water use in the Upper Basin. Real-time and retrospective eeMETRIC data can be obtained from [https://openetdata.org/ OpenET], described under Data and tools below.		(Actual) ET is more challenging to quantify. ET can be estimated using a land-surface (hydrology) model with meteorological inputs, or by assimilating satellite observations of land-surface temperature into an energy-balance model. More direct measurements of ET can be made using Eddy Covariance (EC) methods, which requires multiple instruments on a single tower to measure the vertical transfer of energy and moisture between the surface and the atmosphere. In September 2022, Reclamation and the Upper Colorado River Commission (UCRC) adopted a satellite-based method, eeMETRIC, as the standard for measuring evapotranspiration (ET) and agricultural consumptive water use in the Upper Basin. Real-time and retrospective eeMETRIC data can be obtained from [https://openetdata.org/ OpenET], described under Data and tools below.

	In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for [[seasonal streamflow forecasts]]. Estimates of monthly reservoir evaporation and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows. Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, ET and related variables have large seasonal variability, with a maximum in summer and minimum in winter. Consequently, the warming overall climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.		In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for [[seasonal streamflow forecasts]]. Estimates of monthly reservoir evaporation and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows.

			Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, ET and related variables have large seasonal variability, with a maximum in summer and minimum in winter. Consequently, the warming overall climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.

	==Data and tools==		==Data and tools==

JeffreyJLukas at 20:34, 18 October 2023

2023-10-18T20:34:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:34, 18 October 2023
Line 15:		Line 15:
	(Actual) ET is more challenging to quantify. ET can be estimated using a land-surface (hydrology) model with meteorological inputs, or by assimilating satellite observations of land-surface temperature into an energy-balance model. More direct measurements of ET can be made using Eddy Covariance (EC) methods, which requires multiple instruments on a single tower to measure the vertical transfer of energy and moisture between the surface and the atmosphere. In September 2022, Reclamation and the Upper Colorado River Commission (UCRC) adopted a satellite-based method, eeMETRIC, as the standard for measuring evapotranspiration (ET) and agricultural consumptive water use in the Upper Basin. Real-time and retrospective eeMETRIC data can be obtained from [https://openetdata.org/ OpenET], described under Data and tools below.		(Actual) ET is more challenging to quantify. ET can be estimated using a land-surface (hydrology) model with meteorological inputs, or by assimilating satellite observations of land-surface temperature into an energy-balance model. More direct measurements of ET can be made using Eddy Covariance (EC) methods, which requires multiple instruments on a single tower to measure the vertical transfer of energy and moisture between the surface and the atmosphere. In September 2022, Reclamation and the Upper Colorado River Commission (UCRC) adopted a satellite-based method, eeMETRIC, as the standard for measuring evapotranspiration (ET) and agricultural consumptive water use in the Upper Basin. Real-time and retrospective eeMETRIC data can be obtained from [https://openetdata.org/ OpenET], described under Data and tools below.

			In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for [[seasonal streamflow forecasts]]. Estimates of monthly reservoir evaporation and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows. Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, ET and related variables have large seasonal variability, with a maximum in summer and minimum in winter. Consequently, the warming overall climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.
	~~ET and related variables have large seasonal variability relative to their annual variability, with a maximum in summer and minimum in winter.~~

	~~==Relevance==~~

	In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for [[seasonal streamflow forecasts]]. Estimates of monthly reservoir evaporation and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows. Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, the warming climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.

	==Data and tools==		==Data and tools==

JeffreyJLukas at 17:40, 9 January 2023

2023-01-09T17:40:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:40, 9 January 2023
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	Reference ET and PET can be estimated using an equation that inputs meteorological variables (temperature, solar radiation, humidity, winds), or derived from remote sensing data using a land-surface model. Direct in-situ measurements of PET and Reference ET (e.g., pan evaporation) are very sparse across the Colorado River Basin.		Reference ET and PET can be estimated using an equation that inputs meteorological variables (temperature, solar radiation, humidity, winds), or derived from remote sensing data using a land-surface model. Direct in-situ measurements of PET and Reference ET (e.g., pan evaporation) are very sparse across the Colorado River Basin.

	(Actual) ET is more challenging to quantify. ET can be estimated using a land-surface (hydrology) model with meteorological inputs, or by assimilating satellite observations of land-surface temperature into an energy-balance model. More direct measurements of ET can be made using Eddy Covariance (EC) methods, which requires multiple instruments on a single tower to measure the vertical transfer of energy and moisture between the surface and the atmosphere. In September 2022, Reclamation and the Upper Colorado River Commission (UCRC) adopted a satellite-based method, eeMETRIC, as the standard for measuring evapotranspiration (ET) and agricultural consumptive water use in the Upper Basin. Real-time and retrospective eeMETRIC data can be obtained from OpenET, described under Data and tools below.		(Actual) ET is more challenging to quantify. ET can be estimated using a land-surface (hydrology) model with meteorological inputs, or by assimilating satellite observations of land-surface temperature into an energy-balance model. More direct measurements of ET can be made using Eddy Covariance (EC) methods, which requires multiple instruments on a single tower to measure the vertical transfer of energy and moisture between the surface and the atmosphere. In September 2022, Reclamation and the Upper Colorado River Commission (UCRC) adopted a satellite-based method, eeMETRIC, as the standard for measuring evapotranspiration (ET) and agricultural consumptive water use in the Upper Basin. Real-time and retrospective eeMETRIC data can be obtained from [https://openetdata.org/ OpenET], described under Data and tools below.

JeffreyJLukas: /* Overview */

2023-01-09T17:39:30Z

Overview

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:39, 9 January 2023
Line 13:		Line 13:
	Reference ET and PET can be estimated using an equation that inputs meteorological variables (temperature, solar radiation, humidity, winds), or derived from remote sensing data using a land-surface model. Direct in-situ measurements of PET and Reference ET (e.g., pan evaporation) are very sparse across the Colorado River Basin.		Reference ET and PET can be estimated using an equation that inputs meteorological variables (temperature, solar radiation, humidity, winds), or derived from remote sensing data using a land-surface model. Direct in-situ measurements of PET and Reference ET (e.g., pan evaporation) are very sparse across the Colorado River Basin.

	(Actual) ET is more challenging to quantify. ET can be estimated using a land-surface (hydrology) model with meteorological inputs, or by assimilating satellite observations of land-surface temperature into an energy-balance model. More direct measurements of ET can be made using Eddy Covariance (EC) methods, which requires multiple instruments on a single tower to measure the vertical transfer of energy and moisture between the surface and the atmosphere.		(Actual) ET is more challenging to quantify. ET can be estimated using a land-surface (hydrology) model with meteorological inputs, or by assimilating satellite observations of land-surface temperature into an energy-balance model. More direct measurements of ET can be made using Eddy Covariance (EC) methods, which requires multiple instruments on a single tower to measure the vertical transfer of energy and moisture between the surface and the atmosphere. In September 2022, Reclamation and the Upper Colorado River Commission (UCRC) adopted a satellite-based method, eeMETRIC, as the standard for measuring evapotranspiration (ET) and agricultural consumptive water use in the Upper Basin. Real-time and retrospective eeMETRIC data can be obtained from OpenET, described under Data and tools below.


	ET and related variables have large seasonal variability relative to their annual variability, with a maximum in summer and minimum in winter.		ET and related variables have large seasonal variability relative to their annual variability, with a maximum in summer and minimum in winter.

JeffreyJLukas: /* Relevance */

2022-11-16T20:51:40Z

Relevance

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:51, 16 November 2022
Line 19:		Line 19:
	==Relevance==		==Relevance==

	In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for [[seasonal streamflow forecasts]]. Estimates of monthly [[reservoir evaporation]] and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows. Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, the warming climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.		In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for [[seasonal streamflow forecasts]]. Estimates of monthly reservoir evaporation and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows. Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, the warming climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.

	==Data and tools==		==Data and tools==

TanyaPetach at 20:06, 9 September 2022

2022-09-09T20:06:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:06, 9 September 2022
Line 19:		Line 19:
	==Relevance==		==Relevance==

	In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for [[seasonal streamflow forecasts]]. Estimates of monthly reservoir evaporation and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows. Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, the warming climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.		In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for [[seasonal streamflow forecasts]]. Estimates of monthly [[reservoir evaporation]] and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows. Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, the warming climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.

	==Data and tools==		==Data and tools==

TanyaPetach at 20:04, 9 September 2022

2022-09-09T20:04:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:04, 9 September 2022
Line 19:		Line 19:
	==Relevance==		==Relevance==

	In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for [[seasonal streamflow ~~forecast~~]]~~ing~~. Estimates of monthly reservoir evaporation and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows. Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, the warming climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.		In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for [[seasonal streamflow forecasts]]. Estimates of monthly reservoir evaporation and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows. Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, the warming climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.

	==Data and tools==		==Data and tools==

TanyaPetach at 20:04, 9 September 2022

2022-09-09T20:04:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:04, 9 September 2022
Line 19:		Line 19:
	==Relevance==		==Relevance==

	In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for streamflow ~~forecasting~~. Estimates of monthly reservoir evaporation and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows. Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, the warming climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.		In the Colorado River Basin, estimates of ET and evaporative demand (E<sub>0</sub>) and related measures (Reference ET, PET) are used in reservoir operations, irrigation scheduling, and demand and consumptive use modeling. Estimates of watershed-scale ET are also used to validate the water budget simulations in hydrologic models, such as those used by the NOAA Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) for [[seasonal streamflow forecast]]ing. Estimates of monthly reservoir evaporation and consumptive use by agriculture are also important terms in the Reclamation operations and planning models, and in Reclamation's calculations of natural flows. Since temperature is the most important driver of evaporative demand, the warming climate in the basin has already increased overall E<sub>0</sub> and the proportion of precipitation lost to ET, and these trends are projected to continue, increasingly impacting both water supply and water demand.

	==Data and tools==		==Data and tools==

JeffreyJLukas: JeffreyJLukas moved page Evaporation and evaporative demand to Evapotranspiration (ET): Simpler title more consistent with other pages in this section

2022-05-09T15:32:20Z

JeffreyJLukas moved page Evaporation and evaporative demand to Evapotranspiration (ET): Simpler title more consistent with other pages in this section

← Older revision	Revision as of 11:32, 9 May 2022
(No difference)